Commodity Bubble:
Di hari kenaikan harga komoditas, rakyat bertanya dalam leguh, "apakah kita bisa selamat dalam krisis tersebut?". Tentunya, bagi perekonomian business, kenaikan harga komoditas menyebabkan prospek yang sangat tidak bagus. Tetapi dalam sebuah evaluasi kita perlu melihat pro dan contra masalah.
Demikian rupa, kenaikan harga komoditas, terutama di bidang industri makanan telah membikin market dunia menjadi panik. Statistik membuktikan bahwa ada kenaikan harga beras per ton dari $619 jadi $771. Seluruh dunia berbalik muka untuk menunggu datangnya krisis dunia yang akan merubah total ekonomi dunia. Tentu dibalik kegelapan selalu ada kontrast.
Apa penyebab kenaikan harga komoditas?
Ada dua faktor, yaitu prospek ekonomi Amerika Serikat buruk yang menyebabkan "market panic" dan investasi di bidang Biofuel. Tentunya kalian sudah mendengar tentang teknologi Biofuel, dimana beberapa korporasi ternama ingin mencegah "Global Warming" dengan menaikan konsumsi Biofuel, yaitu minyak tanpa buangan karbon. Produk Biofuel ini menggunakan material tertentu yaitu "palm oil", bahan yang dipakai juga untuk kebutuhan masakan. Dengan menggunakan material "palm oil" untuk kegunaan Biofuel tech, cost opportunitas produksi minyak gorenk buat bahan baku masakan akan naik, sehinga output produksi makanan mengurang. Dalam hal ini, harga akan naik karena turunya produktivitas. Hal ini terjadi di seluruh dunia terutama di Amerika Serikat, ekonomi terbesar yang dapat mempengaruh ekonomi dunia.
Membicarakan soal ekonomi Amerika Serikat, di dunia ini ada satu hal yang saya sebut "Calm the **** Down!". Dengar berita bahwa prospek ekonomi Amerika menurun, dengan jatuhnya nilai U.S Dollar, para investor dunia menjadi panik. Dengan kepanikan mereka, supaya uang mereka selamat, para investor dunia memindahkan uang panas "stock market" (bursa effek) ke tempat perputaran duit laen, tentunya market komoditas. Karena pindahnya perputaran uang panas ke dalam market komoditas, harga-harga komoditas menjadi naik, ini yang disebut effek "commodity bubble". Melihat situasi tersebut, tidak ada yang salah di ekonomi dunia, hanya manusia nya yang salah, "Baru gitu aja koq dah kayak cacing kepanasan...".
Prospek terhadap Indonesia:
Mendengarkan diskusi tentang kenaikan harga komoditas di Good Morning METRO TV, saya sangat terkejut atas komentar yabg sinis dari pengamat ekonomi yang sedang diwawancarai.
Tentunya ada kerugian bagi ekonomi Indonesia karena kenaikan harga komoditas ini. Tetapi, orang tua saya selalu menanamkan jalan pikir entrepreneur, yaitu disuatu masalah bisa dijadikan opportunitas.
Ketika harga komoditas dunia naik, kita harus lihat faktor ekonomi yang akan terpengaruh. Tentunya net export kita akan turun, karena Indonesia termaksud pengimpor beras dunia yang paling banyak. Dengan naiknya harga impor beras pasti harga beras yang kita lihat di pasar supermarket akan juga naik, merugikan konsumen negri ini. Tetapi mari kita lihat opportunitas apa yang menyembunyi dibalik epidemik ini.
Sebagai jawaban dari kenaikan harga komoditas international, akan mempengaruhi konsumsi makanan dan lantas konsumer negri Indonesia akan mengalihkan konsumsi bahan pokok mereka terhadap bahan lokal. Tentunya dengan peristiwa ini akan ada kekurangan supply, sehingga banyak rakyat yang kelaparaan. Kelaparaan, bagi orang mereka sebut masalah, bagi saya, kelaparaan adalah, oportunitas.
Mari kita analysis, apabila ada kelaparaan apa yang orang akan lakukan? Terutama di tempat terpencil negri ini, penduduk-penduduk petani akan menaikan produksi pertanian mereka. Investor yang tadinya tidak suka menginvest di industri agrikltur akan berbalik pikiran dengan adanya shortage ini, karena mereka memikirkan untung dan apabila ada demand shortage, ada oportunitas buat membuka business makanan baru. Lebih penting lagi, negri ini tidak perlu menghawatirkan pergantian cuaca untuk menanam padi laen kata di Amerika mereka hanya bisa produksi padi dalam 4 bulan.
Sebelumnya banyak investor yang tidak mau menginvest di industri agrikultur karena kompetisi nya sangat besar terutama kompetisi harga komoditas import yang sangat rendah. Tetapi harga komoditas import telah naik, sehingga apa? Investor akan berubah pikiran untuk menginvest di industri agrikultur karena opportunitas besar dan kompetisi harga sangat inelastik.
Solusi di balik masalah "Commodity Bubble"
Dengan adanya opportunitas tersembunyi dibalik persitiwa krisis dunia ini, kita bisa membuat konklusi bahwa diwaktu krisis dunia adalah waktu yang tepat bagi negri Indonesia untuk meningkatkan produtivitas dalam mengunakan sumber penghasilan yang tersedia di tanah dan air Indonesia.
Tetapi perlu diketahui bahwa masalah cuaca buruk di negri ini perlu diatasi dengan adanya bantuan dari negara republik. Ekonomi market tidak bisa jalan sendiri tanpa bantuan negara. Hal cuaca buruk, terutama kebanjiran yang melanda beberapa kabupaten di propinsi Jawa mengingatkan saya kepada kasus kekurangan air yang terjadi empat tahun yang lalu, dimana kekeringan melanda produktivitas perkebunan. Please deh... Kalo kekurangan air enjoy aja kale, giliran triak-triak minta air dapet nya kelebihan... BANJIRRRRR.
Situs originalQuote:
Economy Update
April 7th, 2007, in Business & Economy, Forecasts & Reports, Indicators, Investment, Trade & Exports, by Patung
The World Bank’s report card and predictions for the Indonesian economy.
The World Bank in its “East Asia & Pacific Update” says a strong pickup in economic growth occurred at the end of 2006 and into early 2007, but recent natural disasters such as the Jakarta floods, the Sumatra earthquake, as well as transport accidents such as the Adam Air crash and the Garuda crash, will likely dampen this.
Growth is expected to be at 6.3% for Indonesia in 2007 and 6.5% in 2008. World economic growth will slow down mildly in 2007 but Indonesia is less dependent on exports than other East Asian economies. Bank lending rates should come down. Central and regional government should be more generous in their spending programs.
2006 exports exceeded $100 billion for the first time ever, rising by 18% on 2005 in dollar terms, led by 20% growth in non-oil and gas products, this being partly caused by high international commodity prices especially for rubber, palm oil and coal.
The current account surplus rose to $9.6 billion in 2006, much higher than 2004 ($1.6 billion) and 2005 ($0.3 billion). International reserves rose from $35 billion in 2005 to $43 billion in 2006.
Markets are becoming confident, the rupiah has been steady in the range of 9,000-9,200 against the US dollar. Government bond yields continue to fall reflecting a positive outlook for inflation and further cuts in interest rates.
The Jakarta stock exchange continues to trade near all time highs.
Inflation fell to 6.6% at the end of 2006, lower than Bank Indonesia’s target of 7-9% but higher than expected due to recent increases in food and especially rice prices. January and February 2007 inflation was worryingly high.
Government spending continued to be lower than forecast in the budget and the debt to GDP ratio fell sharply. The preliminary 2006 results show a budget deficit of 1.1% of GDP, lower than previous estimates at 1.3% of GDP. The government debt to GDP ratio dropped to 41% from 45% in 2005. Both central and regional government spending are too low, capital spending needs to be higher.
In mid 2006 the President announced major new poverty reduction programs designed to create employment, stimulate local economies, build community participation, and improve health and education standards.
The key to poverty reduction is the price of rice. Recent increases in rice prices, as well as the termination of the unconditional cash transfer program could weaken poverty reduction efforts or even lead to an increase in poverty rates in 2007 despite good economic growth. However prices of rice are being stabilised by the government’s decision to import some rice.
Unemployment appears to have stabilized at just over 10%.
Parliament has passed a new investment law providing, among other things, equal treatment between domestic and foreign investors, binding international arbitration, the elimination of forced divestiture, land use rights of up to 95 years (from 35 years previously) in certain cases, and extended residency permits for foreign investors.
Coba kalian baca menarik ini, analysis mereka sangat tajam dan akurat.
My comment on this article:
Quote:
DoOs_101 Says:
April 15th, 2007 at 9:24 pm
Government spending continued to be lower than forecast in the budget and the debt to GDP ratio fell sharply. The preliminary 2006 results show a budget deficit of 1.1% of GDP, lower than previous estimates at 1.3% of GDP. The government debt to GDP ratio dropped to 41% from 45% in 2005. Both central and regional government spending are too low, capital spending needs to be higher.
The Indonesian Government as said should increase their Government spending due to the following reasons. Firstly, when the private sector of the economy weaken, considering the fact that agricultural production is low and price stability for primary goods such as rice is unstable, the market will not correct itself. Secondly, with Government spending money will be injected to the Economy’s flow of income, which is an increment to account for National Income.
The key to poverty reduction is the price of rice. Recent increases in rice prices, as well as the termination of the unconditional cash transfer program could weaken poverty reduction efforts or even lead to an increase in poverty rates
I’ve heard that the Government reacted with a public transfer payment program called the BLT (Bantuan Langsung Tunai). In my opinion this is a poor program to account Government spending due to the following reasons. Firstly, a public transfer payment is excluded from the economic GDP. This program will not be taken into any considerations of the economy’s economic growth. Secondly, the money from a public transfer payment will not grow because the money will be taken for household’s spending instead and will be injected back to the government. Since then the program will not cause any growth.
In a situation like this, the Government should focus more on project spending in the factors of infrastructure (railroad, port, road, telecommunication, energy, electricity, irigation, and ect). However these undergoing projects currently progressing slowly and is below National Budget’s target. Some factors that causes this to happen is the following:
- Reformed system in bureaucracy is not yet formed in the transition to Democracy.
- Fear of anti-corruption act in the bureaucracy mechanism.
- Power is distributed among many institution and therefore there is no certain direct command.
- The relationship between Central Government and Provincial Government is weak.
I hope this analysis is taken into consideration.
Regards,
DoOs_101